美国NIST-标准物质/参考材料/RM定义
Reference Material (RM) – Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties, which has been established to be fit for its intended use in a measurement process
标准物质（RM）/参考材料（RM）-在一个或多个规定的财产方面足够均匀和稳定的材料，已确定适合其在测量过程中的预期用途 美国NIST
- RM is a generic term./ 1.RM是一个通用术语。
- Properties can be quantitative or qualitative, e.g. identity of substances or species. /2.属性可以是定量的，也可以是定性的，例如物质或物种的特性。
- Uses may include the calibration of a measurement system, assessment of a measurement procedure, assigning values to other materials, and quality control./ 3.用途可能包括校准测量系统、评估测量程序、为其他材料赋值以及质量控制。
- A single RM cannot be used for both calibration and validation of results in the same measurement procedure./ 4.在同一测量程序中，单个RM不能用于校准和验证结果。 RM定义
- International Vocabulary of Metrology – Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms has an analogous definition (VIM – ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 5.13), but restricts the term “measurement” to apply to quantitative values and not to qualitative properties. However, Note 3 of ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 5.13, specifically includes the concept of qualitative attributes, called “nominal properties”./ 5.国际计量词汇-基本和一般概念及相关术语有类似的定义（VIM-ISO/IEC指南99:2007，5.13），但限制术语“测量”适用于定量值，而不适用于定性值。然而，ISO/IEC指南99:2007，5.13的注3特别包括了定性属性的概念，称为“名义属性”。
(ISO Guide 30:1992/Amd 1:2008)